Plants in the aquarium

A well planted aquarium is not only attractive to look at, but easier to maintain. Plants take carbon dioxide from the water and convert it by a process called photosynthesis into oxygen, most of which is released into the water. The photosynthesis takes place only when the aquarium is illuminated. The amount of light required by plants varies from one species to another. Most aquatic plants are able to extract nutrients from the water through their leaves and do not rely on their roots for this function. There is also a wide range of plants that are able to extract nutrients with both roots and leaves and these are usually the easiest to grow in an aquarium.

In order to thrive, some plants need calcium and others do not. Plants are therefore divided into two groups; calciphilous plants, which are those needing calcium and consequently, hard water, and those that are calcifugous and require soft, slightly acid water. Obviously, plants from both groups will not do equally well in the same tank. Generally speaking, calcifugous plants should be chosen.

Before planting, cut off any damaged or browning leaves and trim the roots a little to stimulate production of fresh root shoots.

Correct planting is important and use should be made of a planting stick. Plants are very buoyant and may need stones or lead weights to hold them down until the roots are firmly anchored. Plants should be grouped towards the rear and sides of the tank, keeping the front free for swimming.

It is better to buy two or three plants from each species, rather than single plants from lots of species. They are best planted in groups - all one species together, as this makes for a more natural looking arrangement.

Give your plants room to grow according to their growth rate. Correctly planted and established plants should grow well and produce new leaves regularly. If your plants are small and lack growth, it is likely that the water is too hard and requires the addition of distilled water, or rainwater, to soften it.

Algae growth on leaves inhibits growth, but is difficult to remove successfully. Excessive algae growth can be caused by too much light and also too much calcium in the water - both possibilities should be checked.

The excessive use of peat extract can also inhibit plant growth, and it's use must be strictly controlled.

If you don't want real plants in your aquarium, you can also chose to use Plastic or Silk artificial plants.